fix(docs): some details syntax
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@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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B
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$a^d \equiv a^k \pmod{m}$ 成立的充要条件是 $d \equiv k \pmod{(\mathrm{ord}_m(a))}$
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</details>
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***
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@ -35,9 +37,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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C
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简单验证即可
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</details>
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***
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@ -51,9 +55,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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B
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简单计算即可
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</details>
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***
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@ -67,9 +73,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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D
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例如 $a - b = 3, a + b = 5, c = 15$
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</details>
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***
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@ -83,9 +91,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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A
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$\varphi(40) = 16$
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</details>
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***
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@ -99,9 +109,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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C
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因为 $(137, 739) = 1, 137*739 = 101243$, 故 $\mathrm{ord}_{101243}(47) = [\mathrm{ord}_{137}(47), \mathrm{ord}_{739}(47)] = [136, 82] = 5576$
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</details>
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***
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@ -115,9 +127,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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B
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$n(n^2 - 1) = n(n-1)(n+1)$，因子中必然存在2与3，故能被6整除
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</details>
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***
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@ -131,9 +145,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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C
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简单验证即可
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</details>
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***
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@ -147,9 +163,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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C
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由定义验证即可
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</details>
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***
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@ -163,9 +181,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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A
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计算勒让德符号即可
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</details>
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***
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@ -176,9 +196,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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2
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$13^2 = 169 \equiv 1 \pmod{21}$，故 $\mathrm{ord}_{21}(13) = 2$
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</details>
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***
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@ -187,9 +209,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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4
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因为 $(3, 11) = 1$，故 $3^{10} \equiv 1 \pmod{11}$，则 $3^{865749} \equiv 3^9 \equiv 4 \pmod{11}$
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</details>
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***
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@ -242,6 +266,7 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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-1
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简单计算勒让德符号
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@ -265,6 +290,7 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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2
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简单检验计算即可
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@ -276,6 +302,7 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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2
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做法同2
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@ -287,9 +314,11 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>解：</summary>
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0
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计算勒让德符号 $\left( \frac{26}{443} \right)$即可
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</details>
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***
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@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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简述定义即可, 不赘述
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</details>
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@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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考虑如下情况:
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- Bob要向Alice发送一个带数字签名的消息, 进行签名需要用到Bob的私钥
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@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ author:
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1. 简述TCP SYN欺骗攻击的原理 **(2分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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简述定义即可, 不赘述
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</details>
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@ -68,6 +71,7 @@ author:
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2. 假设初始时TCP连接表已被洪泛, 为保证TCP连接表始终被填满, 攻击者应以什么速率发送数据包？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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每个表项存活时间: 30s × 7 = 210s, 需在210s内填满512个表项, 速率 = 512 / 210 ≈ 2.44 包/秒
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</details>
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@ -78,6 +82,7 @@ author:
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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每个TCP包40字节, 带宽 = 2.44 包/秒 × 40 字节/包 × 8 比特/字节 = 780.8 bps
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</details>
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@ -148,6 +153,7 @@ author:
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2. 假设输入长度为19字节时程序不会崩溃, 而输入长度为20字节时程序崩溃, 如果想要修改tag的话, 输入长度应至少为多少字节？为什么？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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要修改 tag 的话, 至少要输入 28 字节, 理由见上述分析与栈帧结构图
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</details>
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@ -178,6 +184,7 @@ author:
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1. 三种云服务部署模型分别是什么？**(3分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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SaaS, PaaS, IaaS
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</details>
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@ -187,6 +194,7 @@ author:
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2. 若想在云上搭建自己的操作系统, 应该采取哪种部署模型？为什么？**(3分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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私有云, 用户可自主定制硬件、网络及安全策略, 满足操作系统底层架构的灵活部署需求, 同时资源独享避免与其他租户冲突, 适合对数据隐私和合规性要求高的场景
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</details>
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@ -196,6 +204,7 @@ author:
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3. 如何加固云上的操作系统？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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参考书上相关章节, 言之有理即可
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</details>
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@ -207,6 +216,7 @@ author:
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1. 用户认证方法有哪些？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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个人知道的信息, 个人持有的物品, 静态生物特征, 动态生物特征
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</details>
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@ -216,6 +226,7 @@ author:
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2. 为防止明文口令泄露和离线字典攻击, 应如何储存口令相关信息？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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加盐, 简述加盐原理
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</details>
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@ -225,6 +236,7 @@ author:
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3. 假设一个用户有8个属性, 每个属性有10个值, 如果采用基于角色的访问控制, 应设置多少个角色？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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$10^8$ 个
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</details>
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@ -240,6 +252,7 @@ author:
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该语句有无安全隐患？攻击者如何在不知道任何用户名和口令的情况下, 如何攻击得到全部信息？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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有隐患, 向 uname 字段输入 OR 1=1 -- 以绕过密码检测
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</details>
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@ -249,6 +262,7 @@ author:
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5. 为防范(4) 中的攻击, 应采用何种防火墙？为什么？**(4分)**
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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应采用应用级防火墙, 因为要对sql语句进行检查, 这是应用层上的机制
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</details>
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@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ author:
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1. 计算机安全 CIA 三元组指的是哪三个方面(3分) , 并简述对称加密和非对称加密如何实现这三个方面的 (7分)
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<details>
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<summary>答案:</summary>
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CIA 三元组是
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- 机密性 Confidentiality
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@ -159,6 +160,7 @@ author:
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- 等等
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言之有理即可
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</details>
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***
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