diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络/README.md b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络/README.md index 7de6443..a01f742 100644 --- a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络/README.md +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络/README.md @@ -4,3 +4,5 @@ title: 计算机网络 !!! warning "施工中" + + diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/README.md b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5da538e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +--- +title: 计算机网络实践 +--- + +## 2023-2024学年上学期 + +### 刘献忠 + +- 实验比较简单, 要求也比隔壁班低, 最后一个 socket lab 作业要求也比隔壁低 +- [SOCKET_LAB](https://github.com/KirisameVanilla/SOCKET_LAB) + +### 王廷 + +- 听我同学说实验比较难 + +## 2024-2025学年上学期 + +### 王廷 + +#### 实验报告 + +除第一个实验外，其余实验所用到的 `.pcapng` 文件均附在对应文件夹下 + +- [lab1](./lab/lab1/lab1.md) +- [lab2 Ethernet](./lab/lab2/lib2) +- [lab3 IPV4](./lab/lab3/lib3) +- [lab4 ARP](./lab/lab4/lib4) +- [lab5 UDP](./lab/lab5/lib5) +- [lab6 TCP](./lab/lab6/lib6) +- [lab7 Socket 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resolution"选项 + +3. 关闭所有浏览器窗口后开始捕获 + +4. 重新在控制台输入 `curl http://1st.moe/` + +5. 停止Wireshark捕获 + +## 三、实验环境 + +B226机房电脑 + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +1. 实验过程 + + 捕获内容如图所示 + + ![捕获内容](./Pictures/100000010000094B000002EADEAFEA2E.png) + +2. + 分析协议包的内容 + + ![协议包内容1](./Pictures/10000001000003320000015C8A9E98EE.png) + ![协议包内容2](./Pictures/100000010000032800000154F3640027.png) + ![协议包内容3](./Pictures/100000010000032900000152B123680E.png) + ![协议包内容4](./Pictures/100000010000033300000151977B0DF0.png) + + 根据如上四张图片，可以发现各个协议所占的字节数为 + + | 协议 | 字节数 | + |-------------------------------------|-----------| + | Ethernet (eth) | 14 bytes | + | Internet Protocol Version 6 (ipv6) | 40 bytes | + | Transmission Control Protocol (tcp) | 20 bytes | + | Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http) | 128 bytes | + + 则包的结构大致如下 + + | eth | ip | tcp | http | + |-----------------|------------------|----------|-----------| + | 14 bytes | 40 bytes | 20 bytes | 128 bytes | + | Ethernet Header | Ethernet Payload | | | + | IP Header | IP Payload | | | + +3. 问题 + + 1. 分析协议开销 + + 一个GET本身的大小为128 + bytes，而其相应产生的SYN、ACK请求也应算入其开销中。根据图片 + ![alt](./Pictures/10000001000004EE0000005E50C8B369.png) + 可以计算得出由于协议产生的总开销为86+74+(202-128)+74=308 + bytes，从而计算得出比值约为0.4156，考虑到信息传输的稳定性，协议开销是值得的。 + + 2. 以太网头部中哪一部分是解复用键并且告知它的下一个高层指的是IP，在这一包内哪一个值可以表示IP + + 根据图片 + ![alt](./Pictures/10000001000004000000007864293250.png) + ![alt](./Pictures/1000000100000470000000F4B4E41AC7.png) + 可以直观看出ipv6对应的分解键为0x86dd，tcp对应的分解键为6 + +4. 故障分析 + + 在实验过程中出现了控制台有反馈但Wireshark没有捕获的情况，经排查后发现是由于控制台指令输入错误：误将http输入为https所致。 + +## 五、实验结果总结 + +1. 实验完成了对一个HTTP包的拆解与分析，其大体结构大致如下 + + |th|ip|tcp|http| + |-|-|--|-| + | 14 bytes | 40 bytes | 20 bytes | 128 bytes | + | Ethernet Header | Ethernet Payload | | | + | IP Header | IP Payload | | | + +2. 实验通过curl指令与Wireshark软件完成，在其中熟悉网络工具的使用，并体会到其强大之处 + +3. 通过查询相关资料，了解开销、分解键等概念 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab2/lab2-2.pcapng b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab2/lab2-2.pcapng new 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实验仪器：ThinkPad X230i +- 操作系统：Arch GNU/Linux x86\_64 +- 以太网控制器：Intel Corporation 82575LM Gigabit Network Connection +- 网络控制器：Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 820.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter +- 网络连接：校园网ECNU-1X + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +1. 捕获帧 + ![ping](./lib2-1.png) + ![Wireshark](./lib2-2.png) +2. 检查捕获到的数据 + ![ping](./lib2-3.png) +3. 以太网帧结构 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Ethernet IIIP&ICMP
DestinationSourceType60 Bytes
6 Bytes6 Bytes2 Bytes
Ethernet HeaderEthernet Payload
+4. 以太网地址范围 + ![mermaid](./lib2-5.png) +5. 广播帧 + 捕获内容如图： + ![broadcast](./lib2-4.png) + 1. 以太网地址为 ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff，在 Wireshark 中标注为 Broadcast + 2. 第一个字节的末位为1是组播，反之则是单播，所有比特均为1则是广播 + +## 五、试验结果总结 + +在本次实验中，我顺利地完成了各项任务，了解并学习到了以太网传输的各项细节 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-1.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..790068a Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-1.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-2.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-2.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4ecd671 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-2.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-3.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-3.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f40c57b Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-3.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-path.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-path.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..eaa9789 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3-path.txt @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +traceroute to 1st.moe (52.74.232.59), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets + 1 * * * + 2 10.100.5.1 (10.100.5.1) 8.795 ms 8.962 ms 9.096 ms + 3 202.120.95.246 (202.120.95.246) 9.451 ms 9.092 ms 9.243 ms + 4 202.120.95.254 (202.120.95.254) 12.480 ms 12.777 ms 13.331 ms + 5 10.255.16.1 (10.255.16.1) 12.974 ms 13.249 ms 12.734 ms + 6 10.255.249.253 (10.255.249.253) 12.382 ms 11.127 ms 11.127 ms + 7 10.255.38.254 (10.255.38.254) 10.087 ms 9.632 ms 9.452 ms + 8 202.112.27.13 (202.112.27.13) 9.268 ms 6.546 ms 6.331 ms + 9 101.4.117.58 (101.4.117.58) 6.248 ms 9.316 ms 9.147 ms +10 * * * +11 101.4.115.250 (101.4.115.250) 37.316 ms 37.288 ms 36.908 ms +12 * * * +13 * * 101.4.114.194 (101.4.114.194) 33.724 ms +14 101.4.114.170 (101.4.114.170) 38.219 ms 101.4.117.102 (101.4.117.102) 44.767 ms 44.589 ms +15 101.4.114.222 (101.4.114.222) 67.753 ms 67.658 ms 63.246 ms +16 203.131.254.213 (203.131.254.213) 85.750 ms 85.593 ms 85.431 ms +17 203.131.242.222 (203.131.242.222) 67.546 ms 67.933 ms 67.157 ms +18 52.93.157.242 (52.93.157.242) 67.671 ms 52.93.157.226 (52.93.157.226) 67.991 ms 68.002 ms +19 52.93.35.125 (52.93.35.125) 67.392 ms 52.93.35.109 (52.93.35.109) 68.086 ms 52.93.35.35 (52.93.35.35) 68.009 ms +20 * * * +21 * * * +22 * * * +23 * * * +24 * * * +25 * * * +26 * * * +27 * * * +28 * * * +29 * * * +30 * * * diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3.md b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1f78642 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3.md @@ -0,0 +1,154 @@ +--- +title: Lab3 - IPv4 +--- + +# 华东师范大学软件学院实验报告 + +## 一、实验目的 + +学习 IP 协议的相关内容 + +## 二、使用内容与实验步骤 + +1. 捕获轨迹 + 1. 对一个远程服务器使用 wget/curl 指令，并检查是否成功； + 2. 对同一远程服务器使用 traceroute 指令，查看访问的路径； + 3. 启动 Wireshark ，选择过滤 tcp port 80 ，并勾选“启用网络名称检查” + 4. 重复第一步 + 5. 返回 Wireshark ，停止捕获。 +2. 检查捕获到的数据 + 1. 选择任意捕获到的数据包，查看其结构与组成数据包字节的详细信息； + 2. 展开 IP 报头字段并查看详细信息。 +3. IP 结构 + 1. 绘制一个 IP 字段位置与大小的报文图 + 2. 回答下列问题 + 1. 电脑与远程服务端的 IP 地址分别是多少？ + 2. 总长字段包括 IP 报头与 IP 负载还是仅计算 IP 负载？ + 3. 对于不同数据包，标识字段的值是不同还是相同？ + 4. 电脑发送的数据包的 TTL 字段的初始值是什么？是最大可能值还是一个较小的值？ + 5. 如何通过查看数据包确认其是否被分段？ + 6. IP 报头长度是多少，它如何在报头字段中编码？ +4. IP 路径 + 绘制 1.2 步骤中访问的路径 +5. IP 报头校验 + 通过如下步骤检验 IP 报头校验和是否正确 + 1. 将报头划分为等长的 10 段，每段长度为 2 个字节，将其视为 10 个十六进制数字； + 2. 将 10 个 16 进制数字相加，计算他们的和； + 3. 将得到的和分为两段，使得其中的一段为最右边的 4 位 16 进制数，计算两段之和； + 4. 检查结果是否为 0xffff 。 + +## 三、实验环境 + +- 实验仪器：ThinkPad X230i +- 操作系统：Arch GNU/Linux x86\_64 +- 以太网控制器：Intel Corporation 82575LM Gigabit Network Connection +- 网络控制器：Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 820.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter +- 网络连接：校园网ECNU-1X + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +1. 捕获轨迹 + ![wget](./lib3-2.png) + traceroute 获取到的信息如下： + + ``` bash + traceroute to 1st.moe (52.74.232.59), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets + 1 * * * + 2 10.100.5.1 (10.100.5.1) 8.795 ms 8.962 ms 9.096 ms + 3 202.120.95.246 (202.120.95.246) 9.451 ms 9.092 ms 9.243 ms + 4 202.120.95.254 (202.120.95.254) 12.480 ms 12.777 ms 13.331 ms + 5 10.255.16.1 (10.255.16.1) 12.974 ms 13.249 ms 12.734 ms + 6 10.255.249.253 (10.255.249.253) 12.382 ms 11.127 ms 11.127 ms + 7 10.255.38.254 (10.255.38.254) 10.087 ms 9.632 ms 9.452 ms + 8 202.112.27.13 (202.112.27.13) 9.268 ms 6.546 ms 6.331 ms + 9 101.4.117.58 (101.4.117.58) 6.248 ms 9.316 ms 9.147 ms + 10 * * * + 11 101.4.115.250 (101.4.115.250) 37.316 ms 37.288 ms 36.908 ms + 12 * * * + 13 * * 101.4.114.194 (101.4.114.194) 33.724 ms + 14 101.4.114.170 (101.4.114.170) 38.219 ms 101.4.117.102 (101.4.117.102) 44.767 ms 44.589 ms + 15 101.4.114.222 (101.4.114.222) 67.753 ms 67.658 ms 63.246 ms + 16 203.131.254.213 (203.131.254.213) 85.750 ms 85.593 ms 85.431 ms + 17 203.131.242.222 (203.131.242.222) 67.546 ms 67.933 ms 67.157 ms + 18 52.93.157.242 (52.93.157.242) 67.671 ms 52.93.157.226 (52.93.157.226) 67.991 ms 68.002 ms + 19 52.93.35.125 (52.93.35.125) 67.392 ms 52.93.35.109 (52.93.35.109) 68.086 ms 52.93.35.35 (52.93.35.35) 68.009 ms + 20 * * * + 21 * * * + 22 * * * + 23 * * * + 24 * * * + 25 * * * + 26 * * * + 27 * * * + 28 * * * + 29 * * * + 30 * * * + ``` + +2. ![wget](./lib3-2.png) + +3. + 1. IP结构 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
IPTCP
VersionHeader LengthDifferentiated Services FieldTotal LengthIdentificationFlagsFragment OffsetTTLProtocalHeader ChecksumSource AddressDestinatoin Address32 Bytes
4 bits4 bits1 Byte2 Bytes2 Bytes3 bits13 Bits1 Byte1 Byte2 Bytes4 Bytes4 Bytes
Ethernet HeaderEthernet Payload
+ 2. + 1. 服务端 IP 地址为 52.74.232.59；电脑 IP 地址为 172.30.218.6 + 2. 总长字段为 52 = 20 + 32 ，所以计算时包含 IP 报头与 IP 负载 + 3. 不同 + 4. 电脑发送的 TTL 值为 38 ，是一个较小的值 + 5. 通过查看 Flags 字段 + 6. 长度为 20 Bytes ，编码在 IP 报头第一个字节的 4~8 位 +4. + ![wget](./lib3-3.png) +5. 执行如下代码： + + ``` c + #include + + using namespace std; + + int main() + { + printf("%x",0x4500+0x0034+0xd124+0x4000+0x2606+0xe0f4+0x344a+0xe83b+0xda06+0xac1e); + return 0; + } + ``` + + 其结果为0x4fffb，计算4+fffb=ffff，故正确。 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3.pcapng b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3.pcapng new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b0978d Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab3/lib3.pcapng differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arp.pcapng b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arp.pcapng new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bdee7e7 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arp.pcapng differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arpa.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arpa.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ff3d3df --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arpa.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +_gateway (172.31.0.1) at 54:c6:ff:7b:38:02 [ether] on wlan0 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arpd b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arpd new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1366416 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/arpd @@ -0,0 +1 @@ +No ARP entry for 172.31.0.1 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/ifconfig.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/ifconfig.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fb25400 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/ifconfig.txt @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +enp0s25: flags=4099 mtu 1500 + ether 3c:97:0e:27:a3:96 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) + RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) + RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 + TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) + TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 + device interrupt 20 memory 0xf2500000-f2520000 + +lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 + inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 + inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 + loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) + RX packets 1511 bytes 158325 (154.6 KiB) + RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 + TX packets 1511 bytes 158325 (154.6 KiB) + TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 + +wlan0: flags=4163 mtu 1500 + inet 172.31.215.159 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.31.255.255 + inet6 fe80::eb67:d196:62b:626a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 + ether e0:06:e6:c4:be:04 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) + RX packets 4206 bytes 2310892 (2.2 MiB) + RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 + TX packets 4771 bytes 2531632 (2.4 MiB) + TX errors 0 dropped 76 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 + diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-1.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8c1fd59 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-1.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-2.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-2.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5503ad4 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-2.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-3.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-3.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..05fb7cf Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4-3.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4.md b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..527125c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/lib4.md @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ +--- +title: Lab4 - ARP +--- + +# 华东师范大学软件学院实验报告 + +## 一、实验目的 + +了解 ARP 的工作原理。 + +## 二、使用内容与实验步骤 + +1. 捕获 + 1. 使用`ifconfig`指令查找电脑的以太网地址。 + 2. 使用`route`指令查看默认网关 ip 地址。 + 3. 启动 Wireshark ，将过滤器设置为`arp`，开始捕获。 + 4. 使用`arp -a`指令查看 ARP 缓存，并使用`sudo arp -d 网关ip地址`从缓存中清除默认网关。 + 5. 使用浏览器浏览网页一段时间。 + 6. 在捕获到 arp 流量后停止捕获。 +2. 检查捕获 + 1. 将页面内的过滤器设置为`eth.addr == 电脑以太网地址`。 + 2. 查看捕获到的内容 +3. ARP 请求与应答 + 绘制计算机与默认网关之间发送 ARP 请求与回复数据包的图解。 +4. 以太网上的 ARP 详细信息 + 回答以下问题 + 1. 什么操作码用于请求，什么操作码用于回复。 + 2. 请求的 ARP 报头有多大？回复的 ARP 报头有多大？ + 3. 对于未知目标 MAC 地址的请求中携带什么值？ + 4. 什么以太网类型值表明 ARP 是更高级协议？ + 5. ARP 回复是否为广播？ + +## 三、实验环境 + +- 实验仪器：ThinkPad X230i +- 操作系统：Arch GNU/Linux x86\_64 +- 以太网控制器：Intel Corporation 82575LM Gigabit Network Connection +- 网络控制器：Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 820.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter +- 网络连接：校园网ECNU-1X + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +1. 捕获 + 1. 执行`ifconfig`指令，得到的输出如下： + + ``` bash + enp0s25: flags=4099 mtu 1500 + ether 3c:97:0e:27:a3:96 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) + RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) + RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 + TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B) + TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 + device interrupt 20 memory 0xf2500000-f2520000 + + lo: flags=73 mtu 65536 + inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0 + inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10 + loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback) + RX packets 1511 bytes 158325 (154.6 KiB) + RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 + TX packets 1511 bytes 158325 (154.6 KiB) + TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 + + wlan0: flags=4163 mtu 1500 + inet 172.31.215.159 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 172.31.255.255 + inet6 fe80::eb67:d196:62b:626a prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20 + ether e0:06:e6:c4:be:04 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet) + RX packets 4206 bytes 2310892 (2.2 MiB) + RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0 + TX packets 4771 bytes 2531632 (2.4 MiB) + TX errors 0 dropped 76 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0 + ``` + + 在 `wlan0` 下的 `ether` 一行可以得知计算机以太网地址为 `e0:06:e6:c4:be:04` 。 + 2. 执行 `route` 指令，得到的输出如下： + + ``` + Kernel IP routing table + Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface + default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 600 0 0 wlan0 + 172.31.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 600 0 0 wlan0 + ``` + + 可以得知默认网关的 ip 地址为 `172.31.0.0` 。 + 3. 启动捕获。 + 4. 执行 `arp -a` 指令，得到输出 `_gateway (172.31.0.1) at 54:c6:ff:7b:38:02 [ether] on wlan0` 。随后执行 `sudo arp -d 172.31.0.1` 指令清除缓存，该指令没有输出，若重复执行，则会得到 `No ARP entry for 172.31.0.1` 输出。 + 5. 在观察到已经捕获 7 个 ARP 流量包后停止捕获，其界面如图： + ![arp](./lib4-1.png) +2. 检查捕获 + *因为捕获到的包数量较少，故不设置过滤器。* + 请求包： + ![request](./lib4-2.png) + 回复包： + ![reply](./lib4-3.png) +3. ARP 请求与回复 + 其图例如下 + + ```mermaid + flowchart LR + computer[计算机
MAC e0:06:e6:c4:be:04
IP 172.31.215.159] + gateway[网关
MAC 54:c6:ff:7b:38:02
IP 172.31.0.1] + computer--request
Who has 172.31.0.1? Tell 172.31.215.159-->gateway + gateway--reply
172.31.0.1 is at 54:c6:ff:7b:38:02-->computer + ``` + +4. 以太网上的 ARP 详细信息 + 1. 请求的操作码为 `0x0001` ，回复的操作码为 `0x0002` 。 + 2. 请求与回复的的 ARP 报头均为 28 bytes，对于报文，请求的报文为 42 bytes，回复的报文为60 bytes。 + 3. 目标 MAC 地址为 `00:00:00_00:00:00` 。 + 4. 以太网报头中的 `type` 字段为 `0x0806` 。 + 5. ARP 回复为单播而非广播。 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/route.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/route.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c6b155a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab4/route.txt @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +Kernel IP routing table +Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface +default _gateway 0.0.0.0 UG 600 0 0 wlan0 +172.31.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 600 0 0 wlan0 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-1.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8bbcaf1 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-1.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-2.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-2.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e5980ca Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-2.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-3.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-3.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ba66e09 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-3.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-4.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-4.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..87a5a65 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5-4.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5.md b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..546d038 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab5/lib5.md @@ -0,0 +1,80 @@ +--- +title: Lab5 - UDP +--- +# 华东师范大学软件学院实验报告 + +## 一、实验目的 + +学习 UDP 的构成等详细信息。 + +## 二、使用内容与实验步骤 + +1. 捕获 + 1. 启动 Wireshark ，关闭混杂，将过滤器设置为“udp”，开始捕获。 + 2. 浏览网页以产生 UDP 流量。 + 3. 停止浏览，等待一分钟左右观察背景 UDP 流量。 + 4. 停止捕获。 +2. 检查捕获到的数据 + 观察所捕获到的流量包，UDP 协议包包括如下字段：源端口、目标端口、长度、校验和。 + **注意：协议列所列出的协议可能是 UDP 之上的应用程序协议名称而非 UDP** +3. UDP 消息结构 + 制作一份 UDP 报文图例并回答如下问题： + 1. 长度字段包含什么？ + 1. UDP 有效负载 + 2. UDP 有效负载与 UDP 报头 + 3. UDP 有效负载、UDP 报头与底层报头 + 2. UDP 校验和的长度为多少？（以位为单位） + 3. UDP 报头的长度为多少字节？ +4. UDP 使用 + 回答如下问题： + 1. 给出标识上层协议为 UDP 的 IP 协议字段的值 + 2. 检查 UDP 消息并提供**当电脑既不是源IP地址也不是目标IP地址时**使用的目标 IP 地址 + 3. 捕获到的 UDP 消息的典型大小为多少 + +## 三、实验环境 + +- 实验仪器：ThinkPad X230i +- 操作系统：Arch GNU/Linux x86\_64 +- 以太网控制器：Intel Corporation 82575LM Gigabit Network Connection +- 网络控制器：Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 820.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter +- 网络连接：校园网ECNU-1X + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +1. 捕获 + 本步骤采用老师所提供的捕获文件 +2. 检查捕获到的数据 + 捕获包如图所示 + ![package](./lib5-1.png) +3. UDP 消息结构 + 观察下图所列出的包 + ![struct](./lib5-2.png) + 1. UDP 报头为 8 bytes，负载为 143 bytes，二者之和恰为 UDP 长度字段所标注的 151 bytes，故 UDP 长度字段包括 **UDP 有效负载与 UDP 报头**。 + 2. UDP 校验和的长度为 2 bytes，即 16 位。 + 3. UDP 报头的长度为 8 bytes。 + UDP 报文结构如下表所示： + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
UDP HeaderUDP Payload
Source Port Destination PortLengthChecksum many bytes
2 bytes2 bytes2 bytes2 bytes
+4. UDP 使用 + 1. 如图所示，IP 协议字段的值为 0x11 ，即 17 + ![IP](lib5-3.png) + 2. 如图所示，目标 IP 地址为 239.255.255.250 + ![des](lib5-4.png) + 3. 捕获到的 UDP 消息大小大多在 100 bytes 与 300 bytes 之间。 diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-1.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..57642b4 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-1.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-2.pcapng b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-2.pcapng new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c7c87c6 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-2.pcapng differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-2.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-2.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c90da1 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-2.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-3.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-3.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..765d119 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-3.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-4.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-4.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..71c0ee7 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-4.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-5.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-5.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a399e99 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-5.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-6.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-6.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..15ba767 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6-6.png differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6.md b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7e37973 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6.md @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ +--- +title: Lab6 - TCP +--- + +# 华东师范大学软件学院实验报告 + +## 一、实验目的 + +学习了解 TCP 的相关内容。 + +## 二、使用内容与实验步骤 + +1. 捕获 + + 1. 找到一个可以使用 HTTP 下载的中等大小单一资源。 + + 2. 使用 wget 或 curl 命令尝试下载，确保可以在几秒内下载至少 500 KB 的内容。 + + 3. 启用 Wireshark ，将过滤器设置为 "tcp and host $DOMAIN" ，其中 $DOMAIN 为远程服务器的域名，并开始捕获。 + + 4. 重复 1.2 中的命令。 + + 5. 返回 Wireshark 并停止捕获。 + +2. 检查捕获到的内容 + + 选择一个协议列为 TCP 的数据包，展开 TCP 协议部分。捕获到的内容中协议列除了初始 HTTP GET 和末尾的 HTTP 相应包之外均为 TCP 。在一个 TCP 包中，大致可以看到如下内容： + + 1. 源端口（可能为 80）与目标端口。 + + 2. 序列号字段，告知第一个有效负载字节在字节流中的位置。 + + 3. 确认字段，告知反向字节流中最后接收的位置。 + + 4. 报头长度，TCP 报头的长度。 + + 5. 标志字段。 + + 6. 校验和，用于检查传输错误。 + + 7. 选项字段。（可能不存在） + + 8. TCP 有效负载，表示正在传输的内容.（可能不存在） + +3. TCP 段结构 + + 绘制一个 TCP 段结构图。 + +4. TCP 建立与拆除。 + + - 三次握手 + + 查找带有 SYN 标志的 TCP 段以及其后的数据包的详细信息。绘制三次握手的时间序列图，序列图应包括如下内容： + + - 每个段上的序列号与 ACK 号（如果存在） + + - 以毫秒为单位的时间 + + - 到服务器的往返时间估计，即 SYN 和 SYN-ACK 段之间的差值 + + - 连接选项 + + SYN 数据包中携带了哪些 TCP 选项。 + + - FIN/RST 拆除 + + 查找带有 FIN 或 RES 标志的 TCP 段及其之后的数据包的详细信息。并绘制时间序列图，要求同三次握手的时间序列图。 + +5. TCP 数据传输 + + 在统计菜单下，选择“IO图表”，观察并回答以下问题： + + 1. TCP 连接运行良好后，下载方向的大致数据速率是多少（分别计算 packets/s 与 bits/s） + + 2. 查看下载数据包，通过观察包的大小与 TCP 有效负载的大小，计算下载率中有多少百分比是内容？ + + 3. 传输方向的大致数据速率是多少？ + + 4. 如果最近从服务器接收的 TCP 段的序列号为 x ，那么下一个传输的 TCP 段携带什么 ACK 号？ + + 检查捕获到的下载数据包是否具有如下特征： + + - 延迟 ACK。 + + - 接受到的段的序列号增加，后续传输的段的 ACK 号也相应增加。 + + - 在初始获取之后，传输的段的序列号不增加，接收段上的 ACK 编号也不增加。 + + - 每个段都带有大于等于 0 的窗口信息。 + +## 三、实验环境 + +- 实验仪器：ThinkPad X230i +- 操作系统：Arch GNU/Linux x86\_64 +- 以太网控制器：Intel Corporation 82575LM Gigabit Network Connection +- 网络控制器：Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 820.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter +- 网络连接：校园网 ECNU-1X + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +1. 捕获 + +2. 检查捕获到的内容 + + 捕获到的内容如图所示： + + ![wireshark](lib6-1.png) + +3. TCP 段结构 + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TCP 报头TCP 负载
源端口目标端口序列号确认号报头长度Flags窗口校验和紧急指针OptionsTCP Payloads
2 bytes2 bytes4 bytes4 bytes4 bits12 bits2 bytes2 bytes2 bytes12 bytesMany bytes
+ +4. TCP 建立与拆除。 + + - 三次握手 + + SYN及其之后包的信息如图所示： + + ![SYN-ACK](lib6-3.png) + + 根据所得到的信息画图： + + ```mermaid + sequenceDiagram + autonumber + participant Client + participant Server + Client->>Server: 0th ms, SYN, 序列号: 0 + Note left of Client: Δ = 96ms + Server->>Client: 96th ms, SYN-ACK, 序列号: 0, ACK号: 1 + Client->>Server: 96th ms, ACK, 序列号: 1, ACK号: 1 + ``` + + - 连接选项 + + SYN 包具体信息如图所示： + + ![SYN](lib6-2.png) + + 故可以观察到 SYN 包携带的选项有： + + - Maximum segment size(最大段大小) + - SACK permitted(SACK 许可) + - Timestamps(时间戳) + - NOP(无操作) + - Window sacle(窗口比例) + + - FIN/RST 拆除 + + FIN及其之后包的信息如图所示： + + ![FIN](lib6-4.png) + + 根据所得到的信息画图： + + ```mermaid + sequenceDiagram + autonumber + participant Client + participant Server + Client->>Server: 844th ms, FIN-ACK, 序列号: 237, ACK号: 256850 + Note left of Client: Δ = 45ms + Server->>Client: 889th ms, FIN-ACK, 序列号: 256850, ACK号: 238 + Client->>Server: 889th ms, ACK, 序列号: 238, ACK号: 256851 + ``` + +5. TCP 数据传输 + + IO 图表如图： + + ![IO](lib6-5.png) + + ![IO](lib6-6.png) + + 1. 下载方向的大致数据速率是 + + $$ + \frac{\frac{1}{8}(18+35+13+8+46+23+28+21) packets}{0.1 s} = 240\ packets/s + $$ + + $$ + \frac{\frac{1}{8}(185300+401500+149100+91780+527700+263900+321200+226600) bits}{0.1 s} =2708850\ bits/s + $$ + + 2. 查看下载数据包，通过观察包的大小与 TCP 有效负载的大小，计算下载率中有多少百分比是内容？ + + $$ + \frac{1368 bytes}{1434 bytes}=\frac{228}{239} \approx 95.40\% + $$ + + 3. 传输方向的大致数据速率是 + + $$ + \frac{\frac{1}{8}(16+29+13+8+32+10+23+22) packets}{0.1 s} = 191.25\ packets/s + $$ + + $$ + \frac{\frac{1}{8}(8448+15310+6864+4224+16990+5280+12140+11620) bits}{0.1 s} =101095\ bits/s + $$ + + 4. 如果最近从服务器接收的 TCP 段的序列号为 x ，那么下一个传输的 TCP 段携带什么 ACK 号？ + + **x+TCP 负载字节数** diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6.pcapng b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab6/lib6.pcapng new file mode 100644 index 0000000..97a5713 Binary files /dev/null and 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./client localhost +text0:hello, world +text1: !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?`ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~ +text2:\t \t +text3:你好，世界 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+client0 stop +^C +❯ ./client localhost +client0 restart +server stop +a text from client +server restart +❯ ./client localhost +simplex-talk: connect: Connection refused +❯ ./client localhost +client0 +text from client0 +client0 stop +^C diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/client1.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/client1.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..adb996c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/client1.txt @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +❯ ./client localhost +client1 +text from client1 +client1 stop +^C +./client +usage: simplex-talk host diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/lib7-1.png b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/lib7-1.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2b62c47 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/lib7-1.png differ diff --git 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+了解套接字编程相关内容。 + +## 二、使用内容与实验步骤 + +使用实验手册中所给出的示例代码，并进行相关测试。 + +## 三、实验环境 + +- 实验仪器1：ThinkPad X230i + - 操作系统：6.12.9-arch1-1 x86_64 GNU/Linux + - 以太网控制器：Intel Corporation 82575LM Gigabit Network Connection + - 网络控制器：Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8188CE 820.11b/g/n WiFi Adapter + +- 实验仪器2：raspberrypi 4B + - 操作系统：6.6.47+rpt-rpi-v8 aarch64 GNU/Linux + +- 网络连接：宿舍 Wifi + +## 四、实验过程与分析 + +本地测试记录如下图： + +![test0](./lib7-1.png) + +实验步骤 + +1. 启动 Wireshark，根据代码中常量定义，将过滤选项设置为`tcp.port==7701`，对 `Loopback: lo` 进行捕获 + +2. 启动服务端 + +3. 启动0号客户端,此时 Wireshark 捕获到三次握手包，观察到0号客户端采用44514端口： + + ![png1](./lib7-2.png) + +4. 发送文本测试 + + 1. 0号客户端发送测试文本0（测试短文本)：`text0:hello, world`，服务端显示：`text0:hello, world`，正常发送，Wireshark 捕获到的包信息如下。 + + ![png3](./lib7-3.png) + + 2. 0号客户端发送测试文本1（测试ACSII可显示字符)：text1: ``!"#\$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?`ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~``，服务端显示：text1: ``!"#\$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?`ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~``，正常发送，Wireshark 捕获到的包信息如下。 + + ![png4](./lib7-4.png) + + 3. 0号客户端发送测试文本2（测试tab字符)：`text2:\t \t`，服务端显示：`text2:\t \t`，正常发送，Wireshark 捕获到的包信息如下。 + + ![png5](./lib7-5.png) + + 可以观察到 tab 以正常形式（ACSII码为9）发出 + + 4. 0号客户端发送测试文本3（测试中文文本)：`text3:你好，世界`，服务端显示：`text3:你好，世界`，正常发送，Wireshark 捕获到的包信息如下。 + + ![png7](./lib7-7.png) + + 5. 0号客户端发送测试文本4（测试长文本)：`text4:0123456789abcdef...0123456789abcdef`（共计32774字节），服务端显示：`text4:0123456789abcdef...012345678`（共计4096字节），文本发送不正常，仅发送前 4096 字节，检查 Wireshark ，可以发现0号客户端共发送16个包，前15个包中每个包携带255字节的文本，最后一个包携带16字节的文本，捕获到的第一个与最后一个客户端包信息如下。 + + ![png](./lib7-8.png) + + 可以观察到 IP 协议头中 DF 为 1 ，故数据未经 IP 分片，数据的分段发生在 TCP 加工阶段。 + +5. 断连测试 + + 1. 断开0号客户端连接，捕获到由0号客户端发出的结束请求 + + ![png9](./lib7-9.png) + + 2. 重新恢复0号客户端连接 + + 3. 断开服务端连接，捕获到由服务端发出的结束请求（FIN），0号客户端发送ACK确认，但未得到服务端的ACK确认，于是0号客户端将在等待2MSL后自动断开连接，捕获到的包信息如下： + + ![png10](./lib7-10.png) + + 4. 0号客户端发送文本`a text from client`， Wireshark 捕获到的内容如下 + + ![png11](./lib7-11.png) + + 0号客户端发送了带有 PSH 的信息包，端口收到后优先处理该数据包，由于服务端已经关闭，7701端口空闲，故返回带有RST的数据报。 + + 5. 0号客户端发送文本`server restart`，按下回车后客户端自动退出，Wireshark 没有捕获到消息 + + 6. 执行指令`./client localhost`，尝试重新启动客户端，收到报错`simplex-talk: connect: Connection refused`，捕获到的包信息如下 + + ![png12](./lib7-12.png) + + 0号客户端发送了带有 SYN 的信息包，由于服务端已经关闭，7701端口空闲，故返回带有RST的数据报，0号客户端收到后报告错误并退出 + + 7. 执行指令`./client`，不指定地址，报错`usage: simplex-talk host` + +6. 多客户端测试 + + 1. 重新启动服务端 + 2. 启动0号客户端，观察 Wireshark ，可以发现0号客户端使用端口为53092 + 3. 0号客户端发送文本`client0`，服务端显示：`client0`，正常发送。 + 4. 启动1号客户端，观察 Wireshark ，可以发现1号客户端使用端口为43676，Wireshark 捕获包信息如下： + + ![png13](./lib7-13.png) + + 5. 1号客户端发送文本`client1`，服务端没有显示，但 Wireshark 捕获到信息包。 + 6. 0号客户端发送文本`text from client0`，服务端显示`text from client0`，正常发送。 + 7. 1号客户端发送文本`text from client1`，服务端没有显示，但 Wireshark 捕获到信息包。 + 8. 0号客户端发送文本`client0 stop`，服务端显示`client0 stop`，正常发送。 + 9. 0号客户端断开连接，服务端显示`client1` + 10. 0号客户端发送文本`client1 stop`，服务端显示`client1 stop`，正常发送。 + 11. 断开服务端连接。 + + 1 号客户端发送的三个携带文本的信息包如下： + + ![png14](./lib7-14.png) + +7. 端口占用测试 + + 1. 启动服务端，Wireshark 未捕获到内容 + 2. 启动第二个服务端，报错`simplex-talk: bind: Address already in use`，Wireshark 未捕获到内容 + 3. 启动客户端 + 4. 关闭服务端 + 5. 尝试重新启动服务端，报错`simplex-talk: bind: Address already in use`，Wireshark 未捕获到内容 + 6. 客户端退出 + 7. 尝试重新启动服务端，服务端正常运行 + + 测试截图如下： + + ![png15](./lib7-15.png) + +8. 局域网通信测试 + + 1. 通过 ssh 连接并控制同一局域网下的另一设备 + + 2. 通过 ftp 上传源代码server.c与client.c + + 3. 在 ssh 所控制设备上编译 + + 4. 启动 Wireshark ，将过滤器设置为`tcp.port == 7701`，对wlan0进行捕获 + + 5. 在远程主机上执行`./server`，在电脑上执行`./client 192.168.31.135`，成功连接 + + 6. 在客户端上发送信息，远程服务端成功收到 + + 7. 交换客户端与服务端，仍能成功通信 + + 通信记录与 Wireshark 捕获截图如下： + + ![png16](./lib7-17.png) + + ![png18](./lib7-18.png) + +## 五、附录 + +客户端代码如下： + +```c +/* Source: Peterson & Davie (2007), Computer Networks, a Systems Approach, + * 4th ed., Morgan Kaufmann, p. 34-35. + * Included stdlib.h, string.h, and strings.h so it compiles on Linux. + * Changed port from 5432 (postgresql) to 7701 (unassigned). + * - JLND Feb 7 2009 + */ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#define SERVER_PORT 7701 +#define MAX_LINE 256 + +int main(int argc, char * argv[]) +{ + FILE *fp; + struct hostent *hp; + struct sockaddr_in sin; + char *host; + char buf[MAX_LINE]; + int s; + int len; + + if (argc==2) { + host = argv[1]; + } + else { + fprintf(stderr, "usage: simplex-talk host\n"); + exit(1); + } + + /* translate host name into peer’s IP address */ + hp = gethostbyname(host); + if (!hp) { + fprintf(stderr, "simplex-talk: unknown host: %s\n", host); + exit(1); + } + + /* build address data structure */ + bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin)); + sin.sin_family = AF_INET; + bcopy(hp->h_addr, (char *)&sin.sin_addr, hp->h_length); + sin.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); + + /* active open */ + if ((s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) { + perror("simplex-talk: socket"); + exit(1); + } + if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof(sin)) < 0) { + perror("simplex-talk: connect"); + close(s); + exit(1); + } + + /* main loop: get and send lines of text */ + while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) { + buf[MAX_LINE-1] = '\0'; + len = strlen(buf) + 1; + send(s, buf, len, 0); + } +} +``` + +服务端代码如下： + +```c +/* Source: Peterson & Davie (2007), Computer Networks, a Systems Approach, + * 4th ed., Morgan Kaufmann, p. 35-36. + * Included stdlib.h, string.h, and strings.h so it compiles on Linux. + * Changed port from 5432 (postgresql) to 7701 (unassigned). + * - JLND Feb 7 2009 + */ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#define SERVER_PORT 7701 +#define MAX_PENDING 5 +#define MAX_LINE 256 + +int main() +{ + struct sockaddr_in sin; + char buf[MAX_LINE]; + int len; + int s, new_s; + + /* build address data structure */ + bzero((char *)&sin, sizeof(sin)); + sin.sin_family = AF_INET; + sin.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY; + sin.sin_port = htons(SERVER_PORT); + + /* setup passive open */ + if ((s = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) { + perror("simplex-talk: socket"); + exit(1); + } + if ((bind(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, sizeof(sin))) < 0) { + perror("simplex-talk: bind"); + exit(1); + } + listen(s, MAX_PENDING); + + /* wait for connection, then receive and print text */ + while(1) { + if ((new_s = accept(s, (struct sockaddr *)&sin, &len)) < 0) { + perror("simplex-talk: accept"); + exit(1); + } + while (len = recv(new_s, buf, sizeof(buf), 0)) + fputs(buf, stdout); + close(new_s); + } +} +``` diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/lib7.pcapng b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/lib7.pcapng new file mode 100644 index 0000000..fe67e2d Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/lib7.pcapng differ diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/server.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/server.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a61efb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/server.txt @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +❯ ./server +text0:hello, world +text1: !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?`ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_@abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~ +text2:\t \t +text3:你好，世界 +text4:0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef012345678 +client0 stop +client0 restart +server stop +^C +❯ ./server +client0 +text from client0 +client0 stop +client1 +client1 stop +^C diff --git a/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/test.txt b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/test.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b37a902 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/undergraduate/软件工程学院/计算机网络实践/lab/王廷/2024-2025学年上学期/lab7/test.txt @@ -0,0 +1 @@ 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